Muhammad Nazrul bin Abd Rani is a senior lecturer at the School of Law, Universiti Utara Malaysia (UUM). He holds a Bachelor of Laws from UUM, a Master of Laws in International Business Law from Newcastle University, a Postgraduate Diploma in Public Management from INTAN, and a PhD in Water Law and Policy from UNESCO Centre for Water Law, Policy and Science, University of Dundee. His doctoral research focused on the regulation and governance of water services industry, aiming to achieve sustainability in water supply. Before transitioning to academia, Nazrul served as an Administrative and Diplomatic Officer from 2017 to 2024, at the Perlis State Economic Planning Division and the Ministry of Energy Transition and Water Transformation. His extensive experience in the water sector at the state and federal levels, including his involvement in policy planning and implementation, has provided him with valuable insights into the practical and regulatory challenges of water governance. Nazrul’s research interests lie primarily in water services regulation and governance, water law, and environmental law and policy.